Introduction

Ruhama’ Baynahum – Vol. 3 Uthmani Section
February 13, 2019
Chapter One: Ties of Kinship and Marriage
February 13, 2019
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Table of Contents
  1. Introduction
    1. Brief Introductory Points
    2. Some Significant Rules of the Ahlus Sunnah for the Acceptance of a Narration
    3. The Rules of the Shia Scholars for the Acceptance of a Narration
    4. The Intermarriages between the Banu Hashim and Family of ‘Uthman at a glance
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Introduction

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

الحمد لله رب العلمين الرحمن الرحيم و الصلوة و السلام على سيد الأولين و الآخرين إمام الرسل و خاتم النبيين و على آله الطيبين و بناته الأربعة الطاهرات و أزواجه المطهرات و أصحابه المزكين المنتخبين و على سائر أتباعه بإحسان إلى يوم الدين و على جميع عباد الله الصالحين رضوان الله عليهم أجمعين

All praise belongs to Allah, the Lord of the worlds, the Most Compassionate, Most Merciful. Salutations and peace be upon the leader of the former and later generations; the leader of the Messengers and seal of the Prophets, his pure family, his four chaste daughters, his noble and chosen Companions, all his followers with goodness until the Day of Recompense, and all Allah’s righteous servants. May Allah’s pleasure be upon them all.

 

After the masnun khutbah, this humble servant, Muhammad Nafi’ ibn Molana ‘Abdul Ghafur ibn Molana ‘Abdul Rahman (may Allah forgive them) living in Muhammadi Village (adjacent to Jami’ah Muhammadi Sharif), Jhang District, Western Punjab, Pakistan, submits that the third section of Ruhama’ Baynahum (‘Uthmani) is being presented to the esteemed readers. This section will cover the harmonious relationship and mutual respect between the third khalifah of Islam Sayyidina ‘Uthman radiya Llahu ‘anhu and Sayyidina ‘Ali radiya Llahu ‘anhu and his family. Moreover, due to the pressing need of the current times, some allegations against Sayyidina ‘Uthman radiya Llahu ‘anhu (i.e. Mas’alah Aqriba’ Nawazi) have been answered which will be presented as a separate treatise, Allah willing.

This section has been divided into five chapters just as the previous sections (Siddiqi and Faruqi). Those who love the number five will be delighted with this selection.

We have clarified aforetime that the purpose of this book is not to challenge, nor do we anticipate an answer to it. We only wish to present their mutual closeness and connection as confirmed in the Book of Allah.

Presently, there is extremism in religious matters. We live in an era where radicalism abounds. It is a vital necessity of this time that the correct status of the noble Sahabah radiya Llahu ‘anhum is preserved according to the method of the pious predecessors. Moreover, their emulation should be determined as the purpose of life in the light of the Qur’an and Sunnah. This will secure salvation in the Hereafter.

We implore the respected readers to read each incident of this book and contemplate:

  • What was the relationship between Sayyidina ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan and Sayyidina ‘Ali radiya Llahu ‘anhuma?
  • What regard did they have of one another?
  • How did they behave towards each other?
  • What was their methodology in their practical life?
  • What do their social dealings from the beginning to end teach us?

Bearing these points in mind, one should study this book. The doubts and misgivings fabricated about these august personalities will disappear, Allah willing.

 

Brief Introductory Points

  1. Our fundamental proof for the correctness of their congenial relationship is found in the glorious Qur’an. The Qur’an emphatically announced that a relationship of religious brotherhood always existed between the noble Companions of Rasulullah salla Llahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. The narrations and historical reports, etc., all what we will quote in this chapter, only serve as corroborations for the Qur’anic declaration.
  2. When the fundamental proof for this fact is the Book of Allah, then only those narrations may be relied upon which are not contrary to the Qur’an and authentic Sunnah. Those reports which paint a picture of dispute and disagreement between these personalities will not prove beneficial as counter-proofs. Using them as proof will be incorrect.

 

Some Significant Rules of the Ahlus Sunnah for the Acceptance of a Narration

  1. In this regard, Khatib al Baghdadi has reported a hadith in al Kifayah fi ‘Ilm al Riwayah via his chain which leads up to Sayyidina Abu Hurairah radiya Llahu ‘anhu:

 

عن أبي هريرة عن النبي صلى الله عليه و سلم أنه قال سيأتيكم عني أحاديث مختلفة فما جاءكم موافقا لكتاب الله و سنتي فهو مني و ما جاءكم مخالفا لكتاب الله و سنتي فليس مني

Abu Hurairah reports that Rasulullah salla Llahu ‘alayhi wa sallam declared:

Scores of contradictory narrations will soon come to you from me. Whatever conforms to the Book of Allah and my Sunnah is from me and whatever contradicts the Book of Allah and my Sunnah is not from me.[1]

 

This hadith makes it crystal clear that all those narrations found in ahadith books, or history books, or books dealing with virtues and merits which are contrary to the Qur’an and Sunnah are not worthy of consideration.

 

  1. The masters of hadith observe the following rule which has been documented by Hafiz al Dhahabi in Tadhkirat al Huffaz. While discussing Sayyidina ‘Ali radiya Llahu ‘anhu, he quotes his statement and then presents a goodwill commentary from his side. He writes:

 

عن أبي الطفيل عن علي قال حدثوا الناس بما يعرفون و دعوا ما ينكرون أتحبون أن يكذب الله و رسوله قال الذهبي فقد زجر الإمام علي عن رواية المنكر و حث على التحديث بالمشهور و هذا أصل كبير في الكف عن بث الأشياء الواهية و المنكرة من الأحاديث في الفضائل و العقائد و الرقائق

From Abu al Tufayl­―from ‘Ali who said:

Relate to people what they are familiar with and avoid what they are unfamiliar with. Do you want Allah and His Messenger to be belied?

Al Dhahabi comments, “Imam ‘Ali has warned against strange reports and encouraged reporting well-known issues. This is a core essential in avoiding the spread of weak and munkar reports regarding virtues, beliefs, and heartfelt advices.”[2]

 

The Rules of the Shia Scholars for the Acceptance of a Narration

  1. Imam Muhammad al Baqir while citing the prophetic final sermon mentioned that Rasulullah salla Llahu ‘alayhi wa sallam announced:

 

فإذا أتاكم الحديث فأعرضوه على كتاب الله عز و جل و سنتي فما وافق كتاب الله و سنتي فخذوا به و ما خالف كتاب الله و سنتي فلا تأخذوا به

When a narration reaches you, then examine it in the light of the Book of Allah―the Mighty and Majestic―and my Sunnah. Take what is in harmony with Allah’s Book and my Sunnah and discard what contradicts them.[3]

 

  1. Mughirah ibn Sa’id was an extremely cunning man. He would disseminate numerous fabricated narrations in the name of Imam al Baqir. Imam Jafar al Sadiq would caution people to be wary of the shrewdness and concoctions of Mughirah ibn Sa’id and would apprise them of a blanket ruling:

فاتقوا الله و لا تقبلوا علينا ما خالف قول ربنا تعالى و سنة نبينا محمد صلى الله عليه و سلم

Fear Allah and do not accept in our name anything that contradicts the declaration of our Rabb, the Exalted, and the Sunnah of our Nabi Muhammad salla Llahu ‘alayhi wa sallam.[4]

 

Note: More details of these rules were included in the introduction to the Siddiqi and Faruqi sections. It was briefly mentioned here.

 

Now the main section of the book will begin. Chapter one contains links through kinship.

 

The Intermarriages between the Banu Hashim and Family of ‘Uthman at a glance

  1. Sayyidah Arwa bint Kurayz bint Umm Hakim al Bayda’ bint ‘Abdul Muttalib ibn Hashim radiya Llahu ‘anha
  • Sayyidina ‘Ali’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu paternal cousin.
  • Sayyidina ‘Uthman’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu

 

  1. Sayyidah Ruqayyah radiya Llahu ‘anha
  • Rasulullah’s salla Llahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
  • Sayyidina ‘Uthman’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu

 

  1. Sayyidah Umm Kulthum radiya Llahu ‘anha
  • Rasulullah’s salla Llahu ‘alayhi wa sallam
  • Sayyidina ‘Uthman’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu

 

  1. Umm Kulthum bint ‘Abdullah ibn Jafar al Tayyar
  • Granddaughter of Sayyidina ‘Ali.[5]
  • The wife of Aban, Sayyidina ‘Uthman’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu

 

  1. Sukaynah bint al Hussain
  • Granddaughter of Sayyidina ‘Ali.
  • Wife of Zaid ibn ‘Umar, Sayyidina ‘Uthman’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu

 

  1. Fatimah bint al Hussain
  • Granddaughter of Sayyidina ‘Ali.
  • Wife of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar, Sayyidina ‘Uthman’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu
  1. Umm al Qasim bint al Hassan al Muthanna
  • Sayyidina Hassan ibn ‘Ali’s radiya Llahu ‘anhuma granddaughter
  • Wife of Marwan ibn Aban, Sayyidina ‘Uthman’s radiya Llahu ‘anhu

 

Note: Details of this may be found in chapter one.

 

NEXT⇒  Chapter 1

[1] Al Kifayah fi ‘Ilm al Riwayah, pg. 430.

[2] Tadhkirat al Huffaz, vol. 1 pg. 12; Kanz al ‘Ummal, vol. 5 pg. 242, book of knowledge, etiquettes of knowledge, with reference to Khatib, first print.

[3] Ihtijaj al Tabarsi, pg. 229, old print, Iran.

[4] Rijal Kashi, pg. 146, discussion on Mughirah ibn Sa’id, old Mumbai print; pg. 195, new Tehran print; Tuhfat al Ahbab fi Nawadir Athar al Ashab, pg. 373, under Mughirah ibn Sa’id.

[5] ‘Abdullah ibn Jafar is the nephew of Sayyidina ‘Ali radiya Llahu ‘anhu, and to whom Sayyidina ‘Ali wed his beloved daughter Zainab, the daughter of Sayyidah Fatimah and the granddaughter of Nabi salla Llahu ‘alayhi wa sallam. Thus Umm Kulthum is the granddaughter of Sayyidina ‘Ali and Sayyidah Fatimah radiya Llahu ‘anhuma. She was married to Aban, the son of Sayyidina ‘Uthman ibn ‘Affan. [translator]